The Master Teacher Blog

We spent the first weeks of the new school year establishing structures, setting up routines, creating behavior norms, and tending to other foundational processes to create stability, predictability, and efficiency for use of time and learning. Pursuing these efforts at the start of the year presents a key advantage, as success going forward is easier when we have laid the groundwork for clear expectations and consistent routines. Once structures are in place, less attention and intervention may be required to maintain focus and momentum.

However, regular attention, reflection, and adjustments can ensure that the effort invested at the beginning of the year continues to pay off. Now is a good time to assess progress and examine where things stand. Have our students settled in? Are they accepting our guidance? What steps might we take now to maintain momentum and address emerging issues and concerns? Here are eight questions to guide our reflection and inform areas that may need attention:

• Do students understand and accept classroom rules and expectations? Am I finding that students are frequently confused or surprised when reminded of expected behaviors? Do students push back on rules they are expected to follow? If so, it may be time to revisit and review these crucial elements of classroom management.
• Do I acknowledge and reinforce positive, appropriate behavior and rule-following? Students respond to our attention. Our commitment to notice and praise acceptable behavior can be an influential reminder and result in students more frequently practicing behaviors we seek from them.
• Are daily routines and procedures well understood and consistently followed? Establishing routines and procedures represents the first step in consistency and transparency. However, our commitment to consistently practice routines and follow procedures solidifies them for students and offers predictability and reassurance.
• Do I regularly reinforce student use of procedures and processes? Like rules and expectations, our noticing and praising students when they follow established routines and use the procedures they have been taught increases the likelihood that they will continue to do so in the future.
• Am I consistently noticing and connecting with all students? It is easy to fall into patterns of interaction that favor students who do well and are outgoing as well as those whose behavior requires our attention for redirection and intervention. Yet, with few exceptions, all students want to be noticed and engaged with. In fact, failure to connect with all students can result in neglected students demanding our attention in unacceptable and disruptive ways.
•  Am I listening first and controlling my emotions? When we are busy, stressed, or tired, we can fall into the trap of reacting emotionally to what students say or do before fully understanding what they intend or need. When we do, we risk confusion, conflict, and consternation that can harm our relationship and undermine our credibility. Avoiding assumptions and resisting snap judgments can make a big difference as we seek to maintain the momentum we established at the start of the year.
• Am I separating student behavior from how I see them as a person? We can easily forget that what students do is not the same as who they are. Poor decisions, emotional outbursts, and disrespectful words may need correction and intervention, but we need to avoid placing our relationship on the line in response. The fact that students need to learn better behavior is not proof that they are not worthy of our caring and respect.
• Do I give students a new start each day? Admittedly, it can be challenging to put aside what happened yesterday and offer students a new beginning today. Yet, doing so gives the student—and us—the opportunity to let go of leftover disappointment and conflict and try again. Our work is about growth and learning; holding grudges and prolonging conflict can get in the way of what we want most to accomplish with learners.

Creating a successful start to the year was and is important. However, monitoring emerging issues and maintaining momentum can help us to find the “cruising speed” we need in order to sustain the learning environment we have worked to create. Spending a few minutes—now—reflecting and deciding where to adjust can make a huge difference in how the coming months unfold.

When we consider who possesses a great deal of charisma, we might think of movie stars, popular athletes, and other celebrities. We might also identify people we know and with whom we work who seem to have more charisma than others. So, what is charisma, and how does a person get it?

To put it simply, charisma is someone’s “ability to attract another person through style, charm, or attractiveness.” In the vernacular of members of Gen Z and Gen Alpha, charisma is often referred to as “rizz.” Interestingly, the Oxford University Press Dictionary selected “rizz” as the word of the year in 2023, the same year that Merriam-Webster added “rizz” to its dictionary. However, for the purposes of this discussion, charisma will be the word we use the describe this element of human interaction.

Most people think of charisma as a natural trait, one assumed to be something people either innately have or do not have. While it is certainly true that charisma comes more naturally for some than for others, the components of charisma are learnable and growable—and practicing them can make us more likable, interesting, appealing, and influential. Just about anyone can increase their level of charisma.

To be clear, charisma is projected by our behaviors. It is communicated by what we say and do, how we position ourselves, and how we interact with others. Charisma is not a substitute for character, empathy, dependability, or expertise, but it is a “good to have” characteristic. Developing more charisma can help others see and gravitate toward the valuable qualities, expertise, and character we already possess.

So, how can we grow our charisma? Here are eight behaviors to develop, practice, and project:

• Presence. We demonstrate a strong presence when we fully engage with others and give our complete attention. We listen actively, respond expressively, and communicate our interest. Doing so can make the other person feel like the most important person in the room.
• Confidence. Confidence is becoming comfortable in our own skin. Of course, we may not always feel confident, but we can own what we know, our expertise, and our experience. Being curious can also communicate confidence. We don’t have to know everything, so showing that we want to explore and learn can be a way of projecting self-assurance.
• Purpose. People are drawn to those who know what they value and who live with clarity of purpose. Interestingly, living with purpose can animate our gestures, project substance in our emotions, and communicate authenticity by the words we choose.
• Expressiveness. Words are powerful, but the nonverbal behaviors that accompany our words can pack even more impact. In fact, when what we say and how we act are in conflict, most people will believe what they saw us do over what they heard us say. Letting supportive emotions show on our face, maintaining eye contact, speaking in a pleasant tone of voice, using our hands to support what we say, and maintaining an open and engaging body position can go a long way in demonstrating charisma.
• Emotional control. The flipside of expressiveness is exercising emotional control. Projecting rejection, succumbing to anger, defaulting to argument, and other disconnecting behaviors can quickly and severely undermine charisma. Controlling our emotions and responding in measured and appropriate ways can protect the connection we are trying to make and keep communication flowing.
• Empathy. Reading the emotions of others and responding with understanding and support can build strong connections and communicate value and respect for the other person. Among the powerful drivers of human behavior is the need to feel understood and respected. When we communicate authentic empathy, our charisma score goes up significantly.
• Language. Choosing words and phrases that connect to emotions and draw people in builds bridges. Metaphors, stories, and relatable examples conjure images, tap emotions, and invite connections. Experts advise that we should talk to people’s hearts more than to their brains; “I feel your pain” is far more powerful than “I understand your experience.”
• Mirroring. Matching the energy and reflecting the other person’s nonverbal behavior can be an efficient and effective way to build rapport and demonstrate charisma. Without going overboard and mimicking, mirroring can communicate connection and increase our likeability. In a broader context, we can observe people whom we believe have high levels of charisma and adopt behaviors and expressions that we find appealing and comfortable and feel authentic.

Without question, we can learn to be more charismatic. The skills we build and the adjustments we make can make us more likeable, trusted, interesting, and influential. However, we need to remember that charisma is a way to showcase our character, the depth of our expertise, and the relationship opportunity we offer—it is not a substitute for substance.

Summer is quickly passing and before we know it, we will be starting a new school year. The list of tasks we need to complete before students arrive is important. However, physical preparations are only one part of the process of readying for the new year—we also need to give attention to our mental and emotional readiness.

Hopefully, we have been able to take advantage of the summer to decompress, refocus our attention, and refresh our spirits. As the beginning of the fall semester approaches, we might spend some time reacquainting ourselves with the ideas, insights, and experiences we want to bring with us. We also might revisit and reevaluate key routines and rituals on which we have relied and adjust them to increase our efficiency, comfort, and effectiveness. Further, we might consider relationships we want to nurture and renew for companionship, support, and guidance in the coming months.

Fortunately, investing as little as one hour to engage in some reflection, personal renewal, and relationship management can give us a jumpstart. Consider the following three areas of focus using a 5-4-3-2-1 approach to guide your thinking and preparation. A detailed plan or to-do list may not be necessary, but you might want to jot a few notes as you reflect to revisit later.

Reflection

Reflect on your learning priorities by identifying:

• 5 things you tried with students that worked well.
• 4 strategies you want to try.
• 3 things you want to fix.
• 2 things you still want to learn.
• 1 misstep you want to avoid.

Renewal

Plan your mental and emotional health strategy by identifying:

• 5 daily routines that serve you well.
• 4 affirmations that will keep you grounded and focused.
• 3 commitments you need to make to remain well-balanced and healthy.
• 2 habits you want to develop.
• 1 habit you want to break.

Relationships

Consider who feeds your spirit and gives you energy by identifying:

• 5 people with whom you want to continue to connect.
• 4 people with whom you want to form a stronger relationship.
• 3 people with whom you want to explore a relationship.
• 2 people with whom you have a relationship that needs renewal or repair.
• 1 person you need to avoid.

We can easily become preoccupied by the long list of physical preparations associated with beginning a new school year. However, we also need to make mental and emotional preparations a priority if we hope to launch and enjoy a satisfying and successful year.

Summer is an opportune time to reflect on our professional profile. Reacquainting ourselves with our strengths and talents can be a source of renewed pride and cause for celebration. Revisiting areas that could use greater attention and more consistent focus can lead us to shift some priorities and make new commitments. And uncovering areas with potential for growth can lead to useful learning, new habits, and growing insight.

Our profession demands a wide array of abilities in response to a wide array of challenges that arise while we effectively engage students, colleagues, and others. Consequently, our reflection might be a list of behaviors and characteristics that are typically associated with high performance and universal effectiveness. While not necessarily all-encompassing, here is a list of nine “abilities” (including a few “-ibility” words modified for the purpose of this article) and related questions we can ask ourselves to start our reflection:

• Reli-ABILITY: Am I a “go-to” person when others want someone who will be certain a task or project is completed? Am I someone people turn to with a challenge or problem that needs attention? Can I be depended on to show up and follow through?
• Account-ABILITY: When something does not go as planned, do I take responsibility, or do I try to deflect, deny, or distract? Am I someone who, once I make a promise, follows through no matter what happens?
• Cred-ABILITY: Do I avoid exaggeration, pontification, and conjecture? Do people seek out my opinion and judgment? Do I continually build my professional knowledge base?
• Flex-ABILITY: How easily do I adjust to unexpected events, last-minute requests, and unanticipated expectations? Am I able to go with the flow, or do I become rigid and stressed in the face of change? Do I need advanced warnings, time to adjust, or someone to blame?
• Adapt-ABILITY: When conditions change, and I need to change in response, do I resist and press to keep things the way they were, or do I explore what I need to do to remain successful, then shift my approach or practice and continue to learn? Do I remain aware of trends and conditions that may make future adaptation necessary?
• Like-ABILITY: How well do I make positive first impressions and build deep and lasting relationships? Does it feel as though people want to be around me? Do I smile most of the time? Do I learn and remember people’s names? Do I give my full attention when people are speaking to me?
• Coach-ABILITY: How often do I seek constructive feedback? How well do I receive and act on the advice I receive? Can I set my ego aside when it is time to learn a new skill or practice a new approach?
• Inspir-ABILITY: (Yes, it is a real word.) What inspires me? How often am I inspired? When was the last time I experienced awe? How do I inspire others? How effectively do I share my enthusiasm and passion?
• Humor-ABILITY: (No, it is not a real word, but it should be.) How often do I see and share humor in my work with students and colleagues? Am I conscious of irony and absurdity in the situations I encounter? How often do I laugh with my students and colleagues?

If revisiting some of these “abilities” (reliability, accountability, credibility, flexibility, adaptability, likeability, coachability, inspirability, and "humorability") leaves us feeling uncomfortable or wondering if we need to shift, learn, or grow, now is great time to explore and commit to making change. Summertime may offer opportunities to practice, or we may start now to plan how we will make adjustments in the fall.

Many of us have an extensive list detailing what we need and want to accomplish during the summer break. The list likely contains many important and unavoidable tasks, but hopefully, the list also includes several activities that will contribute to refreshing our spirits and renewing our enthusiasm for when fall arrives.

What may not be on our list are actions and activities we plan to avoid. However, what we choose not to do can be as important as those activities in which we plan to engage. As you finalize your plans for the coming weeks, here are six actions and activities to take off your list.

First, resist excessively rehashing the past year. Conflicts, missteps, disappointments, and regrets offer little value unless we can—and intend to—do something about them. If there are lessons to be learned, we need to discern what they are, learn them, and let go. Obsessing saps our energy and can undermine our confidence.

Second, avoid spending too much time in your classroom on materials organization, room orientation, and classroom decoration. Physical separation from our classroom can assist the processes of refreshing and renewing our energy and enthusiasm. While briefly stopping by the classroom to collect or drop off items might make sense, organizing, arranging, and decorating can generally wait until closer to the beginning of the new school year.

Third, forgo creating a detailed content coverage plan and assessment calendar for the semester or year. A general schema to estimate and monitor progress and determine appropriate times to assess that progress can be helpful. However, rigid planning risks focusing exclusively on content coverage and delivery rather than true learning and may result in administering assessments before students have finished with and are ready to demonstrate their learning.

Fourth, don’t spend time developing meticulous lesson plans. The makeup of classes and the needs of individual students need to be considered for lessons to be successful. We might script the first couple of days to get off to a good start, but as soon as we begin to interact with students, the experiences we design need to respond to their readiness, needs, and interests.

Fifth, skip making exhaustive lists of classroom rules. Having a general picture of behaviors and guidelines can help, certainly, but students generally respond better and feel greater ownership when they can play a role in discussing and developing classroom behavior expectations.

Sixth, try not to spend time stressing about the coming school year. We need to trust ourselves to know what to do when the time comes. We cannot predict the future, and worries about it are almost always unwarranted or overblown. It’s easier said than done, sure, but time spent worrying risks distracting us from the refocusing and refreshment time that summer should be.

Summer should be a time for rejuvenating our spirit, recharging our energy, and renewing our enthusiasm. When we remove unproductive and premature activities and actions from our summer to-do list, we make these goals more attainable.

Hoarding physical objects can be a significant life problem. We have seen television shows and read news articles about people who compulsively collect and hold on to seemingly useless objects, even junk. People fill their living space with stuff they collect and often cannot bring themselves to abandon what they have collected. In extreme cases, people are hardly able to live in their house or apartment due to the space occupied by what they are hoarding. For a variety of reasons, despite the stress and discomfort associated with the behavior, they persist.

While physical hoarding is a visible phenomenon, not all hoarding necessarily is visible or physical. Without consciously choosing or even realizing the impact, we can be accumulating mental and emotional “baggage” that saps our energy, grows our stress, and undermines our ability to fully enjoy our life and work.

Much like the accumulation of physical objects, our mental and emotional capacity to engage, explore, grow, and learn can be compromised when we allow past hurts, current conflicts, and the possibility of future disappointments to fill our minds and fray our emotions.

Of course, the mental and emotional elements that take up space come in many forms. It is also true that hoarding happens in stages and does not always grow to the point of paralyzing the hoarder. Regular house cleaning can help to counter urges to hoard. Similarly, conducting a mental and emotional inventory can help us to see what may be interfering with our happiness and success. Becoming conscious of what we are holding on to can position us to let go of what is not serving us well and create space for new energy, curiosity, and growth.

Let’s consider six mental and emotional elements that are worthy of examination and are candidates for abandonment:

• Grudges. Grudges can be among largest occupiers of mental space. Grudges distract us; hold us back from forming, fixing, and flourishing relationships; and almost always exact the greatest price from the people who hold them. Deciding to let go, forgive, and move on can be a major emotional space freer.  
• Guilt. Guilt can occupy a similar amount of mental and emotional space as grudges, but guilt is aimed at ourselves rather than someone else. To clear space, we need to forgive ourselves. To do this, we may need to apologize and make things right with someone we have harmed. We might need to recognize that we cannot change what happened, but if we have learned from the experience, we can give ourselves permission to let it go and free up some emotional space.
• Regrets. Regrets can be the result of choices we made or did not make. They can be the result of opportunities we let pass us by or paths we chose that did not serve us well. However, with each decision made, there were likely new experiences gained, lessons learned, and opportunities presented. Rather than looking back and fixating on what might have been, we can commit to making the best of what we have and making better choices in the future.
• Assumptions. Assumptions also take up significant undeserved mental space. Assumptions are untested, unproven, and often inaccurate perceptions of how things work, who people are, and what is possible. Testing our assumptions can help us to avoid misunderstandings, miscalculations, and missteps in our relationships with others and become more productive in our work.
• Beliefs. Beliefs are formed out of the assumptions we make. We might even think of them as being “stacked” on what we already assume to be true. Beliefs based on inaccurate assumptions can prevent us from engaging in new experiences, taking responsible risks, being curious, and trying new things. Like assumptions, we can create mental space by testing and sorting our beliefs about learning, teaching, and other aspects of our practice.
• Fears. Fear may be the most insidious occupier of mental and emotional space. Fear can conjure up images of failure, identify endless risks, warn of embarrassment, and present a near endless list of other “better avoided” actions. Yet, fear thrives on what might be, not on what is or what will be. Unless we confront our fears, we are not likely to dispel those that have no basis but still have a hold on us.  

Summer can be a great time for mental and emotional housekeeping. Remember: We do not have to be full-fledged mental and emotional hoarders to benefit from letting go of what distracts and holds us back. Most importantly, any space we create is available for more productive and growth-inducing opportunities.

Throughout the year, we have been bombarded with news, opinions, and advice regarding the presence, potential, and power of artificial intelligence (AI). With so much information swirling around us, it can be difficult to sort what is relevant and useful from what is just hype and noise. Yet, we know that AI is making an impact all around us, and we need to pay attention.

Now, with the summer ahead of us, we can take some time to absorb, reflect, and learn. It can be a challenge to know where to even begin. Because each of us is on our own journey and will have our own individual learning needs and levels of readiness, it will be helpful to consider what is most relevant in terms of our unique needs and potential uses. Here are six questions to guide reflection within your personal context with accompanying discussion to provide support for your journey.

A logical first question is, what steps do I need to take to expand my understanding of how AI can increase the efficiency of my work and effectiveness of my practice? AI is a potentially powerful tool to help us to manage much of the time-consuming work that has been part of our world forever. Lesson planning, correspondence, and brainstorming are just three examples. Further, AI offers access to a wide array of ideas, resources, activities, and perspectives that can enhance the learning we design for and with students. Innovative approaches, creative applications, and novel strategies to support learning can be part of our regular practice without us always having to spend hours developing them.

Second, we might ask what additional information and resources do I need to understand where and how can I use AI to add learning value for my students? This question is related to the first question, but it shifts the focus to how AI can add to the arsenal of learning skills students are developing. AI can add dimensions to their learning experiences that go beyond what we have been able to provide in the past. As examples, AI can position students to view world events from the perspectives of people from other cultures and regions. It can help students to understand and experience the value of what they are asked to learn in ways that extend far beyond what we might be able to provide without extensive research and planning.

A third reflection question is, what additional guidelines and safeguards do I need to put into place to ensure that my students are using AI appropriately and safely? As amazing as AI can be as a resource, it also can create important dilemmas, questions, and quandaries for learners. We need to think through what our students need to know about protecting their privacy and safety. We can examine with students crucial ethical issues regarding the use of AI. Further, we need to equip our students with the skills to be aware of and recognize bias and fabrication of information, and we need to prepare them with options and strategies to respond when they believe they are victims of inappropriate use of AI.

Fourth, how can I increase the engagement of parents as learning partners and supporters to help students use AI in safe and meaningful ways? Communication with parents is key to ensuring safe, ethical, and meaningful AI engagement. Parent engagement will likely be a key element in determining the level and nature of their support as students begin to utilize AI in more integrated, impactful, and extensive ways. Parents will want to know and be reassured that their children’s safety is being protected and that students are continuing to learn and develop skills beyond those necessary to use AI.

Fifth, how can I best support students’ utilization of AI to stimulate, build, and extend learning while avoiding potentially unfounded suspicions and accusations of plagiarism and other forms of cheating? Once introduced to the power of AI, students will want to utilize it—regardless of our approval. Our best choice is to teach students the proper ways in which to access AI to support their learning rather than to replace it. Students need to know how to cite AI sources, how to use AI to stimulate their ideas, and how to access important support AI can provide while not ignoring the importance of their own learning. Predictably, some students will attempt to shortcut their learning by relying on AI to provide the work product for which they are responsible. In response, we might be tempted to use commercially available tools to identify AI content, but caution is warranted as many of them have been shown to be unreliable. Striking a balance is key.

Finally, how am I using engagement with AI to help students to build their resilience, critical thinking, communication, and other durable skills they will need in a tech-driven world? Building the skills necessary to utilize AI is an important challenge for students. However, we also must give attention to the life and work skills students need to be successful in a world where relationships, sound judgement, decision making, problem solving, and other competencies remain crucial. In fact, the existence of AI in no way lessens the importance of these skills. On the contrary, AI arguably make these skills even more important and their application even more consequential.

Obviously, these are questions we can ask ourselves repeatedly as we learn and our experience and skills continue to evolve. It is reasonable to assume that AI will continue to grow and evolve, and our utilization of it will also need to be frequently reconsidered, reoriented, and renewed.

The end of a school year is a good time to pause, reflect, and glean important learning from the past year’s experiences with students, instructional strategies, curricular challenges, and other aspects of our practice while they’re still fresh in our memories. Now is the best time to capture what we have experienced and turn that into learning.  

We might think that having the experience is enough to build our learning. However, learning is not the result of experience. After all, experiences can be repeated endlessly and with little gain. Learning, on the other hand, results from reflection. Here are seven questions to stimulate reflection and transform your experience into learning. 

How did your most challenging student(s) frustrate you this year? What lesson(s) can you learn that will prevent reoccurrence of the experience next year? There is a philosophical view that in life, we will continually experience frustrations or failure until we learn a lesson that shifts our thinking and behavior, and once the shift is made, we are no longer challenged by the situation. If you discern the lesson your students’ behavior can teach you and identify ways to implement potential solutions, your frustration will likely diminish. 

What student(s) surprised you, and how did that experience change your expectations? What we expect is often what we choose to see. However, occasionally something happens that challenges what we expect and changes what we experience. Over the course of the year, it is likely that at least one student’s insight, behavior, or observation challenged what you expected. What can that experience suggest about adjustments to what you expect?  

What learning activity or activities did not go well? What was the cause? Might your approach be recast, redesigned, or recontextualized to have it connect with students the next time? In most cases, something might be salvaged, adjusted, or otherwise repurposed to provide value. Even if you conclude that the activity should not receive more attention or be repeated, you have learned something to avoid in the future. 

What curriculum content did not connect with students? Curricular items present a different challenge than a strategy or activity that did not work. We can abandon a strategy, but curricular content is part of what we promise to students and for which we are accountable. It may be time to find new examples, concrete applications, or other ways to help students see the value and purpose of the content for next year. Of course, consulting colleagues who may teach the same curriculum or similar content can help to generate ideas and options to consider. 

What advice did you receive from a colleague that you need to accept and act on? How will it change your approach or practice? Over the course of the year, you probably received much advice, some of which may have held little value for your work. Other insights and suggestions, though, may be worth keeping and even improving upon for future use. Making a note of what you want to recall and how you might apply it can preserve it for use during the next school year.  

What did you discover about yourself this year that is worthy of note and implies an adjustment in how you view yourself? The challenges, surprises, successes, and even setbacks contain important lessons about our own selves. Take a few minutes to reflect on the high points, low points, triumphs, and missteps you experienced. What can you learn and apply to your planning for next year?  

How did you typically spend your time each weekly cycle throughout the year? Did your use of time reflect your priorities and provide enough balance to be productive without being exhausted? Where do you need to decrease your time investment to create opportunities and energy for other endeavors? Do you need to find more and better times to disconnect, clear your mind, and refresh your soul? Where will you start? 

The end of the year can be an incredibly busy time, but failing to pause, reflect, and learn is a mistake. Some of your most important learning can happen now.